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Rehab News: Withdrawal symptom study could reduce deaths from alcoholism

A new study into alcohol withdrawal symptoms could reduce the number of people who die from complications such as delirium tremens.

A new study of polymorphisms - two or more mutually exclusive forms or alleles - within the dopamine transporter (DAT1) gene has shown that four of them are associated with withdrawal seizures.

Philip Gorwood, professor of psychiatry at INSERM and corresponding author for the study, explained: "People with alcoholism continue to die because of complications related to withdrawal symptoms, mainly delirium tremens - delirium associated with visual hallucinations - and /or seizures.

"Benzodiazepine has helped to prevent such severe complications, but there are still some patients - approximately three per cent - for whom prevention is difficult because we have few cues to detect which ones are highly vulnerable.

"One approach is to look at the genetic vulnerability of the patient as part of a gene/environment interaction, which helps to distinguish patients who may or may not develop the phenotype, in this case the 'storm' triggered by an acute interruption of alcohol consumption."

The study, published in the January issue of Alcoholism: Clinical & Experimental Research, involved 250 alcohol-dependent subjects (175 men, 75 women) recruited from three university hospitals in Paris suburbs, of whom 24 per cent exhibited withdrawal seizures.

All participants were genotyped for the variable nucleotide tandem repeat (VNTR) of the gene that encodes DAT1, as well as for seven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) encompassing the DAT1 gene. Severity of alcohol dependence was also measured.

Results linked four polymorphisms - the DAT1-VNTR, rs27072, rs27048, and rs2963238 - to an altered risk for withdrawal seizures.

Frederic Limosin, professor of psychiatry at the University of Reims, said the results from this study could help identify patients at high risk of developing this complication, and to prevent the seizures more efficiently.

Article published on 07/01/2008 by DryOutNow.com